'I feel different…'
Learning experiences and identities of African students in higher education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.4778Keywords:
Biographical learning experience, identity, African students, higher education, PortugalAbstract
Accessing higher education is a biographical learning experience for all students, which can promote transformations in individuals’ identities. This article aims to investigate the implications of biographical learning experiences on the students’ identities. We will explore African students’ biographical learning experiences in Portuguese higher education and how they shaped their identities. Biographical learning and identity theoretical perspectives were adopted. This is a qualitative study that used biographical interviews with 22 African students enrolling at Portuguese higher education. The content analysis carried out has been organized into 2 themes: biographical learning experiences and identity transformations. The results of the study show that African students gained new knowledge and skills and became more independent and autonomous. They develop their self-confidence and open-mindedness through a new way of seeing the world. Thus, African students’ experiences in higher education contributed to the formation and transformation of their identity.
Metrics
References
Alhawsawi, S. (2015). The Influence of Identity on Students’ Learning Experiences in an English as Foreign Language Programme in a Saudi Medical University. Education Journal, 4(4), 149-157.
Alheit, P. (2022). “Biographical Learning” reloaded. Theoretical grounding of a challenging approach. Adult Education Critical Issues, 2(1), 7-19.
Alheit, P., & Dausien, B. (2002). The double face of lifelong learning: Two analytical perspectives on a “silent revolution”. Studies in the Education of Adults, 34(1), 3-22.
Alheit, P., & Hernández-Carrera, R. (2018). La doble visión de la educación permanente: dos perspectivas analíticas. Linhas Críticas, 24, 627-653.
Almeida, A. (2013). Apresentação. In A. Almeida (Coord.), Sucesso, Insucesso e Abandono na Universidade de Lisboa [Success, Failure and Dropout at the University of Lisbon] (pp. 7-14). Educa.
Amado, J., & Ferreira, S. (2017). Estudos (Auto)biográficos e Histórias de vida [(Auto)biographical studies and life histories]. In J. Amado (Ed.), Manual de Investigação Qualitativa em Educação [Handbook of Qualitative Research in Education] (pp. 171-187). Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.
Arneaud, M., Alea, N., & Espinet, M. (2016). Identity Development in Trinidad: Status Differences by Age, Adulthood Transitions, and Culture, Identity. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 16(1), 59-71.
Augusto, A., Alves, E., King, R., & Malheiros, J. (2022). Reciprocal migration: the coloniality of recent two-way migration links between Angola and Portugal. Comparative Migration Studies, 10(43), 1-25.
Azevedo, A., & Faria, L. (2001). Impacto das condições pessoais e contextuais na transição do ensino secundário para o ensino superior [Impact of personal and contextual conditions on the transition from secondary to higher education]. Revista da Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 6, 257-269.
Bardin, L. (2009). Análise de conteúdo [Content analysis]. Edições 70.
Berger, P., & Luckmann, T. (2010). A Construção Social da Realidade [The Social Construction of Reality]. Dinalivro.
Biesta, G., & Tedder, M. (2007). Agency and Learning in the lifecourse: Towards an ecological perspective. Studies in the Education of Adults, 39(2), 132-149.
Brockman, M. (2010). Identity and apprenticeship. The case of English motor vehicle maintenance apprentices. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 62(1), 63-73.
Bron, A. (2020). Experiences of Higher Education among non-traditional students. In L. Jõgi, M. Ümarik, & K. Pata (Eds.), Teaching and Learning at the University (pp. 121-135). Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Bron, A. & Lönnheden, C. (2004). Higher Education for Non-traditional Students in Sweden: A matter of inclusion. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 7, 175-188.
Bron, A., & Thunborg, C. (2011). Floating and Crisis in HE Student’s Learning Identity Formation. https://www.dsw.edu.pl/fileadmin/www-ranlhe/files/Floating_AB.pdf
Bron, A. & Thunborg. C. (2017). Theorizing biographical work from non-traditional students’ stories in higher education. International Journal of Contemporary Sociology, 54(2), 111-128.
Bron, A., Thunborg, C., & Edström, E. (2014). Ethnicity and class matter. Experiences in Swedish higher education. In F. Finnegan, B. Merrill & C. Thunborg (Eds.), Student Voices on Inequalities in European Higher Education: challenges for theory, policy and practice in a time of change (pp. 89-101). Routledge.
Byrom, T., & Lightfoot, N. (2012). Transformation or Transgression? Institutional Habitus and Working Class Student Identity. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(2), 126-134.
Caetano, A. (2014). Personal reflexivity and biography: Methodological challenges and strategies. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 18(2), 227-242.
Casanova, J., Araújo, A., & Almeida, L. S. (2020). Dificuldades na adaptação académica dos estudantes do 1º ano do Ensino Superior [Difficulties in the academic adaptation of students in the 1st year of higher education]. Revista E-Psi, 9(1), 165-181.
Costa, L., & Oliveira, M. (2010). Vivências e satisfação académica em alunos do ensino superior [Experiences and academic satisfaction in higher education students]. In S. Gonçalves, D. Soeiro, & S. Silva (Eds.), Cadernos de Pedagogia no Ensino Superior [Pedagogy Notebooks in Higher Education] (pp. 13-32). CINEP.
Christie, H., Tett, L., Cree, V., Hounsell, J., & McCune, V. (2008). ‘A real rollercoaster of confidence and emotions’: learning to be a university student. Studies in Higher Education, 33(5), 567-581.
Christie, H., Tett, L., Cree, V., Hounsell, J., & McCune, V. (2016). It all just clicked: A longitudinal perspective on transitions within university. Studies in Higher Education, 41(3), 478-490.
Dalcin, V. L., & Freire, I. (2019). Perceções de estudantes universitários portugueses acerca da mobilidade estudantil [Portuguese university students’ perceptions on student mobility]. In S. Gonçalves, & J. Costa (Eds.), Diversidade no Ensino Superior [Diversity in Higher Education] (pp. 51-80). CINEP.
Dausien, B. (2007). Sobre la construcción social de la biografia [On the social construction of biography]. In P. Alheit, & B. Dausien (Eds.), En el curso de la vida. Educación, formación, biograficidad y género [In the course of life. Education, training, biograficity and gender] (pp. 67-73). Instituto Paulo Freire de España y Crec.
Delory-Momberger, C. (2011). Fundamentos Epistemológicos da Pesquisa Biográfica em Educação [Epistemological bases of biographical research in education]. Educação em Revista, 27(1), 333-346.
Delory-Momberger, C. (2012). Abordagens metodológicas na pesquisa biográfica [Methodological Approaches in Biographical Research]. Revista Brasileira de Educação, 17(51), 523-536.
Devlin, M., & McKay, J. (2014). Reframing ‘the problem’: Students from low socio-economic status backgrounds transitioning to university. In H. Brook, D. Fergie, M. Maeorg, & D. Michell (Eds.), Universities in Transition (pp. 97-126). University of Adelaide Press.
Dominicé, P. (2000). Learning from our lives: Using Educational Biographies with Adults. Jossey-Bass.
Doutor, C. (2021). Transições biográficas dos estudantes dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa na Universidade de Lisboa [Biographical transitions of students from Portuguese-speaking African Countries at the University of Lisbon] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universidade de Lisboa.
Doutor, C., & Alves, N. (2020). Estudantes dos PALOP no Ensino Superior Português: Conquistas e desafios académicos [PALOP students in Portuguese higher education: achievements and academic challenges]. Laplage em Revista, 6(1), 47-60.
Doutor, C., Marques, J. F, & Ambrósio, S. (2018). A cor da pele no Ensino Superior: Experiências de racismo no quotidiano dos estudantes provenientes dos PALOP em Portugal [Skin colour in Higher Education: Experiences of racism in the daily lives of PALOP students in Portugal]. In A. Fragoso, & S. T. Valadas (Coords.), Estudantes não-tradicionais no Ensino Superior [Non-traditional students in higher education] (pp. 167-186). CINEP.
Dubar, C. (1997). A socialização. Construção das identidades sociais e profissionais [Socialization. Construction of social and professional identities]. Porto Editora.
Dubar, C. (2006). A crise das Identidades. A Interpretação de uma Mutação [The crisis of identities: The interpretation of a mutation]. Edições Afrontamento.
Ecclestone, K. (2007, June). Lost and found in transition: The implications of ‘identity’, ‘agency’ and ‘structure’ for educational goals and practices [Conference presentation]. Researching Transitions in Lifelong Learning Conference, University of Stirling.
Ecclestone, K., Biesta, G., & Hughes, M. (2010). Transitions in the life course, the role of identity, agency and structure. In K. Ecclestone, G. Biesta, & M. Hughes (Eds.), Transitions and learning through the lifecourse (pp. 1-15). Routledge.
Elder, G., Johnson, M., & Crosnoe, R. (2003). The emergence and development of life course theory. In J. Mortimer, & M. Shanahan (Eds.), Handbook of the life course (pp. 3-19). Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
Evans, R. (2014). Out of Europe: Agency and biographicity and discourses of ethnic-cultural belonging, inclusion and exclusion. European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults, 5(2), 195-208.
Fazey, D., & Fazey, J. (2001). The potential for autonomy in learning: Perceptions of competence, motivation and locus of control in first-year undergraduate students. Studies in Higher Education, 26(3), 345-361.
Ferreira, J., Silva, S., & Ferreira, A. G. (2013). Mudanças psicossociais na transição da adolescência para a adultez emergente em contexto de ensino superior [Psychosocial changes in the transition from adolescence to emerging adulthood in a higher education context]. In T. Medeiros (Ed.), Adolescência: Desafios e Riscos [Adolescence: Challenges and Risks] (pp. 419-450). Letras Lavadas Edições.
Field, J. (2012). Transitions and lifelong learning: Signposts, pathways, road closed? Lifelong Learning in Europe, (1), 5-11.
Flick, U. (2004). Introducción a la investigación cualitativa [Introduction to qualitative research]. Ediciones Morata.
Gresham, R., & Clayton, V. (2011). Community connections: A programme to enhance domestic and international students’ educational experience. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 33(4), 363-374.
Gu, Q., & Schweisfurth, M. (2015). Transnational connections, competences and identities: Experiences of Chinese international students after their return ‘home’. British Educational Research Journal, 41(6), 947-970.
Hallqvist, A. (2022). Biographical Learning and Midlife Career Transitions. In M. Malloch, L. Cairns, K. Evans, & B. O’Connor (Eds.), The Handbook of Learning and Work (pp.362-375). Sage Publications.
Hallqvist, A., Ellström, P., & Hydén, L. (2012). The many faces of biographical learning. Studies in the Education of Adults, 44(1), 70-84.
Hancock, A.-M. (2007). When Multiplication Doesn’t Equal Quick Addition: Examining Intersectionality as a Research Paradigm. Perspectives on Politics, 5(1), 63–79.
Hultberg, J., Plos, K., Hendry, G., & Kjellgren, K. (2008). Scaffolding students’ transition to higher education: Parallel introductory courses for students and teachers. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 32(1), 47-57.
Ingram, R., Field, J., & Gallacher, J. (2009). Learning transitions: Research, policy, practice. In J. Field, J. Gallacher, & R. Ingram (Eds.), Researching transitions in lifelong learning (pp. 1-6). Routledge.
Johnston, R., & Merrill, B. (2005). From Old to New Learning Identities: Charting the Change for Non-traditional Adult Students in Higher Education. In A. Bron, E. Kurantowicz, H. Salling Olesen, & L. West (Eds.), ‘Old’ and ‘New’ Worlds of Adult Learning (pp.42-55). Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
Kilomba, G. (2019). Memórias da plantação: Episódios de racismo quotidiano [Memories of the plantation: Episodes of everyday racismo]. Orfeu Negro.
Kishun, R. (2011). Student mobility trends in Africa: A baseline analysis of selected African countries. In R. Bhandari, & P. Blumenthal (Eds.), International Students and Global Mobility in Higher Education (pp.143-165). Palgrave Macmillan.
Kondrup, S. (2014). Unskilled work and learner identity: understanding unskilled work as a certain condition for perceiving oneself as an educable subject. In B. Käpplinger, N. Lichte, E. Haberzeth, & C. Kulmus (Eds.), Changing Configurations of Adult Education in Transitional Times – Conference Proceedings (pp. 93-106). Humboldt-Universität.
Kurantowicz, E. & Nizinska, A. (2013). How students ‘stay the course’: Retention practices in higher education. Studies in the Education of Adults, 45(2), 135-147.
Lima, L. S. (2018). Estudar e Circular entre Fronteiras (In)Transponíveis: A Mobilidade de Mulheres Cabo-Verdianas que Cursam Engenharia em Portugal [Studying and Moving across (In)transposable borders: The mobility of Cape Verdean women studying engineering in Portugal] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universidade do Porto.
Mains, S., Gilmartin, M., Cullen, D., Mohammad, R., Tolia-Kelly, D., Raghuram, P., & Winders, J. (2013). Postcolonial migrations. Social & Cultural Geography, 14(2), 131-144.
Malec-Rawiński, M. (2019). Older men’s biographical learning and masculinity. Andragoska spoznanja,25(2), 53-66.
Maldonado-Torres, N. (2007). On the coloniality of being: Contributions to the development of a concept. Cultural Studies, 21(2-3), 240-270.
Merrill, B. (2011). Transitions and Identity in Learning Life. In B. Merrill (Ed.), ESREA Conference Aveiro Proceedings: Transitions and identity in learning life (pp.7-17). Universidade de Aveiro.
Merrill, B. (2014). Gender and age. Negotiating and experiencing higher education in England. In F. Finnegan, B. Merrill, & C. Thunborg (Eds.). Student Voices on Inequalities in European Higher Education: challenges for theory, policy and practice in a time of change (pp. 102 - 115). Routledge.
Merrill, B. (2015). Determined to stay or determined to leave? A tale of learner identities, biographies and adult students in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 40(10), 1859-1871.
Merrill, B. (2020). Biographical Inquiry. A Collaborative and Egalitarian Approach to Adult Education Research. In B. Grummell, & F. Finnegan (Eds.), Doing Critical and Creative Research in Adult Education. Case Studies in Methodology and Theory (pp. 15-24). Sense Publishers.
Moore, E. (2006). Educational Identities of Adult University Graduates. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 50(2), 149-163.
Munford, R., & Sanders, J. (2014). Young people’s search for agency: Making sense of their experiences and taking control. Qualitative Social Work, 1-18.
Nielsen, N. (2020). The Erasmus Learning Journey: Students’ Experiences from a Mobility Period Abroad [Doctoral dissertation]. Stockholm University.
Pascarella, E., & Terenzini, P. (2005). How college affects students: A third decade of research (Vol. 2). Jossey-Bass.
Silva, S., Ferreira, J., & Ferreira, A. (2017). Desenvolvimento do Estudante no Ensino Superior e Evolução das Perceções de Mudança durante o Percurso Académico [Student development in higher education and the evolution of peceptions of change during the academic journey]. In C. Albuquerque (Ed.), O Ensino Superior Pós Bolonha: Tempo de Balanço, Tempo de Mudança [ Post-Bologna Higher Education: Time for Balance, Time for Change] (pp. 29-42). Universidade de Coimbra.
Tedder, M., & Biesta, G. (2007, March 1-4). Learning from life and learning for life: Exploring the opportunities for biographical learning in the lives of adults [Conference paper]. ESREA network on Life History and Biographical Research, Roskilde University, Denmark.
Tedder, M., & Biesta, G. (2009). Biography, transition and learning in the lifecourse: The role of narrative. In J. Field, J. Gallacher, & R. Ingram (Eds.), Researching Transitions in Lifelong Learning (pp. 76-90). Routledge.
Tett, L., & Maclachlan, K. (2007). Adult Literacy and numeracy, social capital, learner identities and self-confidence. Studies in the Education of Adults, 39(2), 150-167.
Thunborg, C., Bron, A. & Edström, E. (2012). Forming learning identities in Higher Education in Sweden. Studies for the Learning Society, 2-3, 23-34.
Thunborg, C., Bron, A., & Edström, E. (2013). Motives, commitment and student identity in higher education – experiences of non-traditional students in Sweden. Studies in the Education of Adults, 45(2), 177-193.
Tinto, V. (2006). Research and practice of student retention: What’s next? Journal of College Student Retention, 8(1), 1-19.
Tranter, D. (2003, July). “Fish out of Water”: Students from disadvantaged schools and the university experience” [Conference presentation]. Creating Spaces: Interdisciplinary writings in the Social Sciences Conference, Australian National University, Canberra.
Turner, L., & Tobbell, J. (2018). Learner identity and transition: An ethnographic exploration of undergraduate trajectories. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 42(5), 708-720.
Vala, J., Lopes, D., & Lima, M. (2008). Black Immigrants in Portugal: Luso – Tropicalism and Prejudice. Journal of Social Issues, 64(2), 287-302.
Walby, S., Amrstrong, J., & Strid, S. (2012). Intersectionality: Multiple Inequalities in Social Theory. Sociology, 46(2), 224¬-240.
West, L., Alheit, P., Andersen, A. S., & Merril, B. (2007). Using Biographical and Life History Approaches in the Study of Adult and Lifelong Learning: European Perspectives. Peter Lang.
Wilcox, P., Winn, S., & Fyvie-Gauld, M. (2005). It was nothing to do with the university, it was just the people: The role of social support in the first-year experience of higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 30(6), 707-722.
Wilson, K., Murphy, K., Pearson, A., Wallace, B., Reher, V., & Buys, N. (2014). Understanding the early transition needs of diverse commencing university students in a health faculty: Informing effective intervention practices. Studies in Higher Education, 41(6), 1-18.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Catarina Doutor, Natália Alves
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
As RELA is an open access journal, this means that anyone who can access the Internet can freely download and read the journal. There are no commercial interests for Linköping University Electronic Press or the European Society for Research on the Education of Adults (ESREA) in publishing the journal. There are no charges for publishing authors.
The core idea of open access is that copyright remains with the author(s). However, we publish with the agreement of the author that if she or he decides later to publish the article elsewhere, that the publisher will be notified, prior to any acceptance, that the article has already been published by RELA.
When publishing with RELA, it is with the agreement of the author that if they make their article available elsewhere on the internet (for example, on their own website or an institutional website), that they will do so by making a link to the article as published in RELA using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number of the article and acknowledge in the text of the site that the article has been previously published in RELA.
Funding data
-
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Grant numbers SFRH/BD/120463/2016;COVID/BD/151692/2021;UIDB/05739/2020 CEAD