Migration, culture contact and the complexity of coexistence
A systemic imagination
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.ojs1711Keywords:
Coexistence, complexity, culture contact, embodiment, integrationAbstract
This paper covers a part of a larger qualitative and participatory study on the integration of asylum seekers and refugees hosted in the Province of Lecco, Northern Italy. Their embodied experience as newcomers and the daily relationships with space, with others, and with the public discourse is the main focus of the paper. The notion of coexistence, its struggles, constraints and possibilities, is addressed following Bateson’s work on culture contact and a systemic theoretical framework. The discourse of integration is deconstructed and challenged, re-imagining the outcome of culture contact as the unpredictable effect of complex, relational, and entangled processes of interaction. Newcomers’ movements in the physical and symbolic space are studied with aesthetic and generative methods, inspired by the spatial and sensory turns in social sciences. The methodology is multiple and layered: interviews, focus groups, narrative aesthetic workshops and sensobiographic walks are used to chronicle and interpret narratives of coexistence, at a micro, meso, and macro level.
Metrics
References
Anderson, R., & Braud, W. (2011). Transforming self and others through research: transpersonal research methods and skills for the human sciences and humanities. Albany: SUNY Press.
Ascari, P. (2019). Corpi e recinti. Estetica ed economia politica del decoro. Verona: Ombre Corte.
Bateson, G. (1935). Culture contact and schismogenesis. In G. Bateson (1972), Steps to an ecology of mind (pp. 61-72). New York: Ballantine Books https://doi.org/10.2307/2789408
Bateson, G. (1972). Steps to an ecology of mind. New York: Ballantine Books.
Blommaert, J., Spotti, M., & Van der Aa, J. (2017). Complexity, mobility, migration. In S. Canagarajah, (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of migration and language (pp. 349-363). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315754512-20
Caneva, E. (2014). The integration of migrants in Italy: an overview of policy instruments and actors, Migration Policy Centre, INTERACT/Cadmus. Retrieved June 28, 2020, from http://hdl.handle.net/1814/32019
Colucci, M. (2018). Storia dellimmigrazione straniera in Italia. Roma: Carocci.
Czajka, M., & de Haas, H. (2014). The globalization of migration: Has the world become more migratory? International Migration Review, 48(2) 283-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/imre.12095
De Certeau, M. (1984). The practice of everyday life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Diamonds, J. (1997). Guns, germs and steel: The fates of human societies. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
Fejes, A. (2019). Adult education and the fostering of asylum seekers into potential full citizens. International Review of Education, 65(2), 233-250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-019-09769-2
Fejes, A., & Dahlstedt, M. (2017). Popular education, migration and discourse of inclusion. Studies in the Education of Adults, 49(4), 214-227. https://doi.org/10.1080/02660830.2018.1463656
Finotelli, C., & Ponzo, I. (2018). Integration in times of economic decline. Migrant inclusion in Southern European societies: trends and theoretical implications. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(14), 2303-2319. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1345830
Formenti, L. (2016). Complexity in learning biographies: A dialogical approach. Culture, Biography & Lifelong Learning, 2(1), 11-23.
Formenti, L. (2018). Complexity, adult biographies and co-operative transformation. In M. Milana, S. Webb, J. Holford, R. Waller, & P. Jarvis (Eds.) The Palgrave international handbook on adult and lifelong education and learning (pp. 191-209). London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55783-4_11
Formenti, L., Luraschi, S., & Del Negro, G. (2019). Relational aesthetics: A duoethnographic research on feminism. European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults, 10(2), 123-141. https://doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.rela9144
Formenti L., & West, L. (Eds.). (2016). Stories that make a difference. Exploring the collective, social and political potential of narratives in adult education research. Lecce: Pensa Multimedia.
Formenti, L., & West, L. (2018). Transforming perspectives in lifelong learning and adult education: A dialogue. London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96388-4
Formenti, L., West, L., & Horsdal, M. (Eds.). (2014). Embodied narratives. Connecting stories, bodies, cultures, and ecologies. Odense: University Press of Southern Denmark.
Forthomme, C. (2016). What to do with refugees: The Italian model. Impakter (April 19, 2016). Retrieved June, 20, 2020 from https://impakter.com/what-to-do-with-refugees-the-italian-model/
Fraser, W. (2018). Seeking wisdom in adult teaching and learning. London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56295-1
Glasersfeld, E. von (1995) Radical constructivism: a way of knowing and learning. London: Routledge.
Grzymala-Kazlowska, A., & Phillimore, J. (2018). Introduction: rethinking integration. New perspectives on adaptation and settlement in the era of super-diversity. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(2), 179-196.
Heron, J. (1996). Co-operative inquiry: research into the human condition. London: Sage Pubblication.
Higgins, C. (2017). Space, place and language. In S. Canagarajah (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of migration and language (pp. 102-116). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315754512-6
Horsdal, M. (2012). Telling lives. Exploring dimensions of narratives. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203805046
Howes, D. (2005). Empire of the senses: The sensual culture reader. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Hunt, C. (2013). Transformative learning through creative life writing. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203818138
Illeris, K. (2014). Transformative learning and identity. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203795286
Järviluoma, H. (2017). The art and science of sensory memory walking. In M. Cobussen & V. Meelberg & B. Truax (Eds.), The Routledge companion to sounding art (pp. 191-204). London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
Kingsolver, A., Boissière, M., Padmanaba, M., Sadjunin, E., & Balasundaram, S. (2017). Cultural and participatory mapping. In S. Brunn, & M. Dodge (Eds.), Mapping across academia (pp. 305-322). Springer: Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1011-2_15
Korac, M. (2003). Integration and how we facilitate it. A comparative study of the settlement experiences of refugees in Italy and the Netherlands. Sociology, 37(1), 51-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038503037001387
Jurkova, S., & Guo, S. (2018). Connecting transculturalism with transformative learning: Toward a new horizon of adult education. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 64(2), 173-187.
Luraschi, S., & Del Negro, G. (2019). Riflettere per accogliere: cercare la bellezza nel lavoro con giovani adulti migranti. EPALE Journal 5, 6-11. Retrieved June, 28, 2020, from http://www.erasmusplus.it/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/EPALE-Journal_5-IT-ISSN_2532-7801.pdf
Luraschi, S., Massena, M., & Pitzalis, S. (2019). Come cambia laccoglienza un anno dopo il "decreto sicurezza". Retrieved June, 20, 2020, from https://welforum.it/
Merrill, B., & West, L. (2009). Using biographical methods in social research. London: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9780857028990
Meissner, F., & Vertovec, S. (2015). Comparing super-diversity. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 38(4): 541-555. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2015.980295
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative dimensions of adult learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Morin, E. (2015). Penser global: Lhumain et son univers. Paris: Robert Laffont.
Morrice, L., Shan, H. & Sprung, A. (2017). Migration, adult education and learning. Studies in the Education of Adults, 49(2), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1080/02660830.2018.1470280
Mullett, J. (2008). Presentational knowing: Bridging experience and expression with art, poetry and song. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of action research (pp. 450-462). Newbury Park: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848607934.n40
Murray L,. & Järviluoma H. (2019). Walking as transgenerational methodology. Qualitative Research, 20(2), 229-238. Retrieved June, 28, 2020 from https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794119830533
Musarò, P., & Parmiggiani, P. (2017). Beyond black and white: the role of media in portraying and policing migration and asylum in Italy. International Review of Sociology, 27(2), 241-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2017.1329034
ONeill, M. (2008). Transnational refugees: The transformative role of art? Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum Qualitative Social Research, 9(2), 59. Retrieved June 28, 2020, from https://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/403/873
Pink, S. (2009). Doing sensory ethnography. London: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446249383
Schinkel, W. (2018). Against immigrant integration: for an end to neocolonial knowledge production. Comparative Migration Studies, 6(1), 31. Retrieved June 28, 2020, from https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-018-0095-1
Tillmann-Healy, L. M. (2003). Friendship as method. Qualitative Inquiry, 9(5), 729-749. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800403254894
Tuckett, A. (2018). Rules, paper, status. Migrants and precarious bureaucracy in contemporary Italy. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781503606500
Venturini, A., & Villosio, C. (2018) Are migrants an asset in recession? Insights from Italy. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(14), 2340-2357. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1345992
Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-diversity and its implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(6), 1024-1054. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870701599465
Villa, M. (2019). Italy receives more asylum seekers from Germany than from Libya. Retrieved June, 20, 2020, from https://www.politico.eu/article/italy-migration-refugees-receives-more-asylum-seekers-from-germany-than-from-libya/
Wildemeersch, D. (2017). Opening spaces of conversation: Citizen education for newcomers as a democratic practice. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 36(1-2), 112-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2016.1254435
Xanthaki, A. (2016). Against integration, for human rights. The International Journal of Human Rights, 20(6), 815-838. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2016.1173402
Zanfrini, L, (2019). Beyond the complementarity postulate. How immigration challenges the sustainability of the Italian accumulation regime. Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali,
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Laura Formenti, Silvia Luraschi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
As RELA is an open access journal, this means that anyone who can access the Internet can freely download and read the journal. There are no commercial interests for Linköping University Electronic Press or the European Society for Research on the Education of Adults (ESREA) in publishing the journal. There are no charges for publishing authors.
The core idea of open access is that copyright remains with the author(s). However, we publish with the agreement of the author that if she or he decides later to publish the article elsewhere, that the publisher will be notified, prior to any acceptance, that the article has already been published by RELA.
When publishing with RELA, it is with the agreement of the author that if they make their article available elsewhere on the internet (for example, on their own website or an institutional website), that they will do so by making a link to the article as published in RELA using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number of the article and acknowledge in the text of the site that the article has been previously published in RELA.