Learning democracy in a Swedish gamers' association: Representative democracy as experiential knowledge in a liquid civil society
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.rela0042Keywords:
Phronesis, Sweden, civil society, democracy, learningAbstract
To explore the role of civil society organizations in learning democracy this article combines the concept of democracy as 'phronesis' with neo-institutional theory, as well as with Hannah Pitkin's concepts of representation. It presents a case study (based on qualitative research) of how democracy is learned in SVEROK, a Swedish youth organization focusing on activities such as computer and role-playing games, activities often associated with informal organization. In SVEROK they are organized in an organization sharing many features with established Swedish organizations, including hierarchic formal representative democracy. The norm in SVEROK is a pragmatic organizational knowledge focusing on substantive and formal representation. Organized education plays only a limited role. Learning is typically informal and experience-based. An organization similar to earlier national organizations is created by self-organized and self-governing associations in government-supported cooperation. The case study supports Theda Skocpol's argument that organizational structure is vital to democratic learning.
Metrics
References
Amnå, E. (2007). Associational Life, Youth, and Political Capital Formation in Sweden: Historical Legacies and contemporary Trends. In L. Trägårdh (Ed.), State and Civil Society in Northern Europé. The Swedish Model Reconsidered (pp. 165-204). Oxford: Berghahn.
Arendt, H. (1998). The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Aristotle (1996). The Politics and Constitution of Athens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bauman, Z. (2000). Liquid Modernity. Cambridge: Polity.
Bellier, I. & Wilson, M. W. (2000). An Anthropology of the European Union.Oxford: Berg Publishers.
Bjurström, E. (2004). Hermeneutisk etnografi. Tolkningens plats i det etnografiska arbetet. In L. Gemzöe (Ed.), Nutida etnografi (pp. 73-95). Nora: Nya Doxa.
Castells, M. (1996). The Rise of the Network Society (The Information Age. Economy, Society and Culture: Vol. 1). Malden: Blackwell Publishers.
Czarniawska, B. (2006). Emerging Institutions: Pyramids or Anthills, GRI-report 2006:7. Göteborg: Gothenburg Research Institute.
Czarniawska, B. (2007). Shadowing: And Other Techniques for Doing Fieldwork in Modern Societies. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press.
Czarniawska, B. & Sevón, G. (Eds.). (2001). The Northern Lights: Organization Theory in Scandinavia. Solna: Liber.
Dreamhack (2010). History. Retrieved November 11, 2011 from http://www.dreamhack.se/about/history
Essen, J. v. (2008). Om det ideella arbetets betydelse. En studie om människors livsåskådningar. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet.
Guo, C. & Musso, J. A. (2007). Framework Representation in Nonprofit and Voluntary Organizations: A Conceptual Framework. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 36(2), 308-326. doi: 10.1177/0899764006289764
Gustavsson, B. (2000). Kunskapsfilosofi: tre kunskapsformer i historisk belysning. Stockholm: Wahlström & Widstrand.
Gustavsson, B. (2004). Revisiting the philosophical roots of practical knowledge. In J. Higgs, B. Richardson & M. A. Dahlgren (Eds.), Developing practice knowledge for health sciences (pp. 35-51).New York: Elsevier Science.
Gustavsson, B. (2009). Utbildningens förändrade villkor. Stockholm: Liber. Doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7506-5429-6.50006-9
Habermas, J. (1996). Between facts and norms: Contributions to a discourse theory of law and democracy. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Haggren, K., Larsson, E., Nordwall, L. & Widing, G. (2008). Deltagarkultur. Göteborg: Bokförlaget Korpen.
Harding, T. (in press). How to Establish a Study Association: Isomorphic Pressures on New CSOs Entering a Neo-Corporative Adult Education Field in Sweden. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. Advance online publication. Doi: 10.1007/s11266-011-9186-4
Hvenmark, J. (2008). Reconsidering membership: a study of individual members’ formal affiliation with democratically governed federations. Stockholm: Handelshögskolan.
Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence Culture. New York: New York University Press.
Kendall, J. (2010). The Limits and Possibilities of Third Sector Eurpopeanization. Journal of Civil Society, 6(1), 39-65. doi: 10.1080/17448689.2010.481937
March, J. G. & Olsen, J. P. (1989). Rediscovering Institutions. The Organisational Basis of Politics. London: Collier Macmillan.
Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality (2007). SOU 2007:66. Rörelser i tiden. Stockholm: Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality.
National Youth Board (2011). När, var, hur om ungas kultur: En analys av ungas kulturutövande på fritiden. Stockholm: Ungdomsstyrelsen.
Nordvall, H. (2008). I skärningspunkten mellan det globala och det lokala. Linköping: Linköpings Universitet.
Pitkin, H. F. (1972). The Concept of representation. London: University of California Press.
Pitkin, H. F. (2004). Representation and Democracy: An Uneasy Alliance. Scandinavian Political Studies, 27(3), 335-342. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9477.2004.00109.x
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone. The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Putnam, R. D. (2002). Conclusion. In R. D. Putnam (Ed.), Democracies in Flux (pp. 393-416). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Doi: 10.1093/0195150899.003.0011
Rothstein, B. & Trägårdh, L. (2007). The State and Civil Society in Historical Perspective: The Swedish Case. In L. Trägårdh (Ed.), State and Civil Society in Northern Europé. The Swedish Model Reconsidered (pp. 229-253). Oxford: Berghahn.
Røvik, K-A. (2008). Managementsamhället. Trender och idéer på 2000-talet. Malmö: Liber.
Skocpol, T. (2003). Diminished Democracy: from membership to management in American Civic Life. Harward: Belknap.
Svedberg, L., Essen J.v. & Jegermalm, M. (2010). Svenskarnas engagemang är större än någonsin insatser i och utanför föreningslivet. Stockholm: Ersta Sköndal Högskola.
SVEROK (2009). Stadgar för Sveriges roll- och konfliktspelsförbund. Retrieved October 28, 2010 from http://www.sverok.se/sverok/arkiv/stadgar
SVEROK (2010a). Sverok. Retreieved October 28, 2010 from http://www.sverok.se
SVEROK (2010b). Protokoll fört vid ordinarie Riksmöte 2010 i Sverok 2010-11-19–21 i Nässjö. Retrieved August 17, 2011 from http://www.sverok.se/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Protokoll-Riksm%C3%B6te-20102.pdf
Taylor, C. (1995). Philosophical Arguments. Cambridge: Harward University Press.
Tocqueville, A. de (2003). Democracy in America and Two Essays on America. London: Penguin.
rägårdh, L. (2007). The ’Civil Society’ Debate in Sweden: The Welfare State Challenged. In L. Trägårdh (Ed.), State and Civil Society in Northern Europé. The Swedish Model Reconsidered (pp. 9-36). Oxford: Berghahn.
Weber, M. (2004). Politics as a Vocation. In D. Owen & T. Strong (Eds.), The Vocation Lectures (pp. 32-94).Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett Publishing.
Wijkström, F. & Lundström, T. (2002). Den ideella sektorn: Organisationerna i det civila samhället. Stockholm: Sober.
Zimmer, A. & Evers, A. (2010). Conclusion. In A. Zimmer & A. Evers (Eds.), Third Sector Organizations Facing Turbulent Environments: Sports, Culture and Social Services in Five European Countries (pp. 317-334). Berlin: Nomos.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2011 The author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
As RELA is an open access journal, this means that anyone who can access the Internet can freely download and read the journal. There are no commercial interests for Linköping University Electronic Press or the European Society for Research on the Education of Adults (ESREA) in publishing the journal. There are no charges for publishing authors.
The core idea of open access is that copyright remains with the author(s). However, we publish with the agreement of the author that if she or he decides later to publish the article elsewhere, that the publisher will be notified, prior to any acceptance, that the article has already been published by RELA.
When publishing with RELA, it is with the agreement of the author that if they make their article available elsewhere on the internet (for example, on their own website or an institutional website), that they will do so by making a link to the article as published in RELA using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number of the article and acknowledge in the text of the site that the article has been previously published in RELA.